Processes, Diagrams & Natural Cycles
Master the passive voice, sequencing adverbs, and chronological signposting required for manufacturing diagrams, recycling processes, and biological lifecycles.
Count the total number of stages from start to finish. Always state the starting raw material and final product in the overview. Use passive voice for manufacturing and active voice for natural lifecycles.
Select Model Report
Key Reporting Lexicon
Sequencing Linkers
Processing Verbs
The Industrial Manufacturing of Clay Bricks
"The diagram below shows the process of manufacturing bricks for the construction industry. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant."
A multi-stage manufacturing diagram showing the 7 steps in brick production: digging clay, filtering, moulding/cutting, drying in ovens, firing in kilns, cooling, and packaging/distribution.
The diagram illustrates the sequential stages involved in the commercial production of clay bricks for use in the construction industry.
Overall, the manufacturing process comprises seven distinct phases, commencing with the excavation of raw clay from the ground and culminating in the packaging and delivery of finished bricks to commercial customers.
The process begins when raw clay is extracted from the earth using a mechanical digger. The excavated material is then placed onto a metal grid to filter out oversized debris, after which it passes through a series of rollers to be crushed into a fine consistency. Following this, sand and water are mixed with the refined clay, and the resulting mixture is either shaped in specialized moulds or extruded through a wire cutter to form uniform rectangular bricks.
In the subsequent phase, the newly shaped bricks are placed inside a drying chamber for 24 to 48 hours. Once dried, they undergo thermal treatment in a specialized kiln, where they are first heated to moderate temperatures (200°C–980°C) and then to extreme heat (up to 1300°C). After firing, the bricks enter a cooling chamber for two to three days before finally being packaged and transported to building sites.
Examiner Rules for Linear Process Diagram
- In human-made manufacturing processes, almost every main verb should be in the Passive Voice (e.g. "is heated", "are cooled") because the machine or worker doing the action is unimportant.
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