Academic Word List (AWL) - 570 Core Words

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "analyse".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "approach".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "area".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "assess".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "assume".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "authority".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "available".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "benefit".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "concept".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "consist".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "constitute".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "context".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "contract".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "create".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "data".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "define".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "derive".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "distribute".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "economy".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "environment".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "establish".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "estimate".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "evident".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "export".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "factor".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "finance".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "formula".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "function".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "identify".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "income".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "indicate".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "individual".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "interpret".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "involve".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "issue".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "labour".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "legal".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "legislate".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "major".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "method".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "occur".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "percent".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "period".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "policy".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "principle".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "proceed".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "process".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "require".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "research".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "respond".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "role".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "section".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "sector".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "significant".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "similar".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "source".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "specific".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "structure".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "theory".

An essential academic term in sublist 1 referring to concepts, processes, or properties related to "vary".

To successfully bring about or reach a desired objective through effort, skill, or perseverance.

To gain possession, mastery, or comprehension of knowledge, assets, or skills over time.

To manage, supervise, and direct the execution of affairs, operations, or institutional policies.

To have an influence on or make a noticeable difference to something.

To distribute resources, capital, or duties for a specific purpose or recipient.

To change or modify something in character or composition, typically without losing its identity.

Available as another possibility or choice among mutually exclusive options.

To add something to the end of a written document, contract, or speech.

A distinct part, feature, or perspective from which a subject can be viewed.

To provide support or aid to facilitate the achievement of a task or goal.

A class or division of people or things sharing common characteristics.

A main division of a book, or a distinct period within history or development.

An official group assigned a specific task, or formal authorization to perform duties.

To pledge dedication to a cause, or to execute an action or obligation.

A group of people living in the same place or sharing particular characteristics or interests.

Consisting of many different and connected parts; complicated in nature.

To calculate or reckon a figure, mathematical quantity, or data logically.

To bring something to an end, or to arrive at a judgment by logical reasoning.

To organize and carry out a structured activity or scientific inquiry.

Following as a direct result or effect of an antecedent action.

To build, assemble, or formulate a physical entity, system, or theoretical model.

To use up resources, fuel, or goods; or to ingest food and beverages.

Acknowledgment of merit or contribution, or public trust in financial reliability.

The customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation or social group.

A plan or drawing produced to show the look and function of an object or system before it is built.

Recognizably different in nature from something else of a similar type.

An essential or characteristic part of something larger and more complex.

To consider or state that one thing is identical or equal to another.

To form an idea of the amount, number, or value of something through careful appraisal.

A distinctive attribute or aspect of something.

Coming at the end of a series; decisive and conclusive.

The center of interest or activity, or to concentrate attention on a topic.

The strong effect or influence that something has on a situation or person.

To cause physical harm, damage, or legal detriment to someone or something.

An organization having a particular purpose, or to initiate a policy or practice.

To allocate capital or effort with the expectation of future financial or social return.

An individual article, unit, or constituent part in a list or collection.

A scholarly periodical containing specialized research articles in a particular field.

To cause or enable a condition or state of affairs to continue without decline.

Conforming to a standard, usual, typical, or expected pattern.

To acquire, get, or secure possession of something through planned effort.

To take part in or become actively involved in an activity or event.

To interpret or become aware of something through the senses or intellect.

Constructive, beneficial, or showing optimism and progress.

Having or showing the capacity to develop into something in the future.

Existing or occurring before in time or order.

Of chief importance; principal, fundamental, or earliest in sequence.

To acquire something in exchange for financial consideration; buy.

The area of variation between upper and lower limits on a particular scale.

An area, especially part of a country or the world having definable boundaries.

To control or maintain the rate, speed, or quality of a process or market by rules.

Closely connected or appropriate to what is being done or considered.

To have one's permanent home in a particular place.

A stock or supply of money, materials, or assets drawn upon by a person or country.

To put a limit on or keep within bounds.

Certain to remain safe and unthreatened; firmly fixed or assured.

To attempt to find, acquire, or achieve something through deliberate searching.

To carefully choose as being the best or most suitable from a group.

An area of ground on which a town, building, or monument is constructed.

A comprehensive plan of action designed to achieve a major or overall aim.

An investigation of the opinions, behavior, or experiences of a group of people.

A written work or piece of writing considered in terms of its content and structure.

The transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation.

To move from one place, person, or system to another.

A fact or condition connected with or relevant to an event, action, or state of affairs.

A verbal or written remark expressing an opinion, observation, or reaction.

To provide something, usually money or an equal benefit, to balance or make up for a loss, damage, or disadvantage.

A constituent element or part of a larger, more complex system, structure, or process.

Permission or voluntary agreement for something to happen or be carried out.

Notably large in size, amount, extent, or degree; worthy of attention.

Occurring continuously over a period of time; remaining unchanging or uniform.

To severely restrict the scope, extent, or activity of something; to compel or force.

To give something (such as money, effort, or ideas) in order to help achieve or provide something; to be a factor in.

To assemble or call people together for a formal meeting, conference, or council.

To organize the different elements of a complex activity or organization so that they work together effectively.

The central, essential, or most fundamental part of something.

Relating to large commercial business corporations, collective enterprise, or management.

To have a close similarity or connection; to match or be analogous to something else.

Principles, standards, or rules by which something is judged, evaluated, or decided (plural of criterion).

To arrive at a logical fact or conclusion by reasoning from known facts or general principles.

To clearly show the existence, truth, or operation of something through evidence, examples, or practical application.

To record something in written, photographic, or other permanent form; to provide documentary evidence for.

To have a commanding influence on, exercise control over, or be the most prominent element in.

Special importance, value, or prominence given to something.

To make certain that something will occur or be the case; to guarantee.

To deny someone or something access to a place, group, or privilege; to leave out or deliberately omit.

A basic conceptual structure used to solve or address complex issues; a supporting structural frame.

To provide monetary resources for a particular purpose or project.

To explain or make something clear through examples, diagrams, or evidence; to serve as an example of.

To come to live permanently in a foreign country.

To strongly suggest the truth or existence of something without stating it directly.

Existing or occurring at the beginning of a process, event, or sequence.

An example or single occurrence of something.

To act reciprocally or communicate with people or things; to have an effect on each other.

To show, prove, or give a good reason for something to be right, reasonable, or necessary.

A sheet, quantity, or thickness of material, typically one of several, covering a surface or forming a level.

A relationship, connection, or association between two or more people, things, or ideas.

To discover the exact position or site of; to establish or situate in a specific place.

To increase or expand something to the greatest possible amount, size, degree, or efficiency.

Lesser in importance, seriousness, extent, or size compared to others of the same kind.

To make ineffective, nullify, invalidate; to deny the existence or truth of.

The end result, consequence, or effect of an action, process, or situation.

A person or entity that takes part in an undertaking with another or others, especially in a business or joint effort.

A theory or attitude that acts as a guiding principle for behaviour or belief; the study of fundamental ideas.

Relating to the body as opposed to the mind; relating to things that can be seen, touched, or measured.

A part, share, or number considered in comparative relation to a whole; the ratio of one thing to another.

To prepare and issue a book, journal, piece of music, or data for public sale, distribution, or reading.

To act in response to something; to undergo a chemical change when in contact with another substance.

To enter or record on an official list or directory; to show or express a particular figure or emotion.

To depend on with full trust or confidence; to be dependent on for support or success.

To take something away or off from the position or place it occupied; to eliminate or abolish.

A large-scale systematic plan or arrangement for attaining some particular object or putting an idea into effect.

A particular order in which related events, movements, or things follow each other.

Either of the two main categories (male and female) into which humans and many other living things are divided.

A slight change in position, direction, or tendency; a period of work in a factory or hospital.

To identify or state clearly and definitely; to include in a formal specification or condition.

Enough; adequate for the purpose or need at hand.

A piece of work to be done or undertaken, typically one that is arduous, prescribed, or designated.

Relating to a particular subject, art, or craft, or its practical skills and techniques; involving specialized machinery.

A practical method, procedure, or way of carrying out a particular task, especially the execution of an art or science.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry; machinery and devices developed from it.

Having a sound basis in logic or fact; legally or officially acceptable or binding.

The amount of space that a substance or object occupies; the quantity or amount of something.

The means or opportunity to approach, enter, retrieve, or make use of a place or resource.

The quality of being sufficient, satisfactory, or acceptable in quantity, quality, or standard.

Occurring once every year; calculated on the basis of a year.

Clearly visible or understood; obvious; seeming real rather than actual.

Close to the actual, but not completely accurate or exact.

A settled way of thinking or feeling about someone or something, typically reflected in behaviour.

To regard something as being caused by or belonging to a particular source, factor, or person.

Relating to ordinary citizens and their concerns, as distinct from military or ecclesiastical matters; courteous.

A system of words, letters, figures, or other symbols substituted for words; a set of principles, rules, or laws.

To share or exchange information, news, ideas, or feelings with others.

To focus all one's attention, efforts, or resources on a particular object, activity, or area; to gather together.

To grant or bestow a title, degree, benefit, or right; to have discussions in order to exchange opinions.

The state of being strikingly different from something else in juxtaposition or close association.

A series of events that are regularly repeated in the same order; a recurring sequence of operations.

A formal discussion on a particular matter in a public meeting or legislative assembly; an argument between opposing viewpoints.

Without being affected by; in spite of (used to introduce a contrast).

A measurable extent of a particular kind, such as length or breadth; an aspect or feature of a situation.

Relating to the running of a home or to family relations; existing or occurring inside a particular country.

To move out of or away from something and become visible; to become apparent, important, or prominent.

A mistake; the state or condition of being wrong in conduct or judgment.

Relating to a population subgroup with a common national or cultural tradition.

The object of a person's ambition or effort; an aim or desired result.

To agree to give or allow something requested; to formally bestow or confer a legal right or privilege.

As a consequence; for this reason; from this time onward.

A proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

To put a decision, plan, policy, or agreement into practical effect or execution.

To show someone to be involved in a crime or culpable action; to show something as a contributing cause.

To force an unwelcome decision, tax, fine, or rule to be accepted or put in place.

To combine one thing with another so that they become a unified whole; to bring people of different groups into equal participation.

Experienced, located, or existing within something; relating to the domestic affairs of a country.

To carry out a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the facts of an event or allegation.

A paid position of regular employment; a task or piece of work.

To attach a label to; to assign to a category, especially inaccurately or restrictively.

A system of parts working together in a machine; a natural or established process by which something takes place.

Easily perceived or understood; clear, self-evident, or apparent.

To reside or have one's place of business in a building; to fill or take up a space, time, or position.

A thing that is or may be chosen; the freedom, power, or right to choose.

The amount of something produced by a person, machine, factory, or country; energy or power delivered.

Taking everything into account; comprehensive; viewed as a whole.

Side by side and having the same distance continuously between them; occurring at the same time and corresponding in some way.

A numerical or other measurable factor forming one of a set that defines a system or sets the conditions of its operation.

A distinct period or stage in a series of events or a process of change or development.

To say or estimate that a specified thing will happen in the future or will be a consequence of something.

First in order of importance; main.

Existing or coming before in time, order, or importance.

Relating to or belonging to a profession; competent, skillful, or exhibiting high ethical standards.

An individual or collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned and designed to achieve a particular aim.

To support or actively encourage something; to advance or raise to a higher position or rank.

A government, especially an authoritarian one; a system or planned way of doing things, such as a diet or exercise schedule.

To settle, find a solution to, or clear up a dispute or problem; to decide firmly on a course of action.

To continue to have something; to keep possession of; to absorb and hold a substance like water or heat.

A number of similar or related things, events, or people coming one after another.

A fact or piece of data from a study of a large quantity of numerical data; the science of collecting and analyzing data.

The relative social, professional, or legal position or standing of someone or something; current situation.

A state of mental or emotional strain or tension; physical pressure exerted on a material object; emphasis.

Coming after something in time; following.

A particular amount of money; the total amount resulting from the addition of two or more numbers.

A brief statement or account of the main points of something.

To commit oneself to and begin an enterprise or responsibility; to take on a task.

Relating to education and scholarship, especially at a college or university level; scholarly.

A general direction in which something is developing or changing.

A society or institution of distinguished scholars, artists, or scientists; a place of specialized secondary or higher learning.

To alter or move something slightly in order to achieve the desired fit, appearance, or result; to adapt to a new situation.

To make minor changes to a text, piece of legislation, or legal agreement in order to improve it or make it more accurate.

Having knowledge or perception of a situation or fact; conscious of.

The maximum amount that something can contain or produce; the ability or power to do or experience something.

A call to take part in a contest or fight; a task or situation that tests someone's abilities or endurance; an objection.

A unit of grammatical organization next below the sentence in rank; a particular and separate article or stipulation in a treaty or contract.

A thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a chemical substance; to make something bad worse.

A serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one; armed struggle; incompatibility between principles.

To seek information or advice from an expert or book; to have discussions with someone before making a decision.

The state or condition of physical touching; communicating or being in communication with someone.

A gradual and continuous loss of strength, numbers, quality, or value; to politely refuse an offer.

Individually separate and distinct; consisting of unconnected elements.

A preliminary version of a piece of writing, policy, or technical plan; a system of compulsory military recruitment.

To give someone or something the authority, means, or ability to do something; to make operational.

The strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity; power derived from physical or chemical resources.

To compel observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation; to cause something to happen by necessity.

A thing with distinct and independent existence, such as an organization, business, or governing body.

Equal in value, amount, function, meaning, or importance.

To develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex or sophisticated form.

To become or make larger or more extensive; to increase in size, volume, scope, or commercial range.

To make something visible by uncovering it; to leave without protection from harm or weather; to reveal the truth about.

Belonging to or forming the outer surface or structure of something; coming or derived from the outside.

To make an action or process easy or easier; to help bring about.

Forming a necessary base or core; of central importance; affecting the underlying nature of something.

To produce or create something, such as electricity, revenue, ideas, or enthusiasm.

All of the people born and living at about the same time; the production of something, especially electricity or heat.

A representation of the external form of a person or thing in art or photography; the general impression that a person or firm presents.

Open to new behavior or opinions and willing to discard traditional values; given, used, or occurring in generous amounts.

A permit from an authority to own or use something, do a particular thing, or carry on a trade.

Reasoning conducted or assessed according to strict principles of validity; a particular system or method of reasoning.

The edge or border of something; the amount by which a thing is won or falls short; profit on sales.

Relating to the science or practice of medicine, healing, or treatment of illness.

Relating to the mind, intellect, or psychological processes.

To make partial or minor changes to something, typically so as to improve it or make it less extreme.

To observe and check the progress or quality of something over a period of time; to keep under systematic review.

An arrangement of intersecting horizontal and vertical lines; a complex system of interconnected people or things.

A conception of or belief about something; an impulse or vague understanding.

A thing aimed at or sought; a goal; (adjective) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering facts.

To align or position something relative to the points of a compass or other specified positions; to adjust to a new context.

A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view; the representation of distance in art.

Marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.

Of first importance; main; of the best possible quality; excellent.

The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context.

To follow or chase people or goals; to continue or proceed along an established path or inquiry.

The quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within the other.

To dismiss as inadequate, unacceptable, or faulty; to refuse to agree to a request, idea, or proposal.

Income, especially when of a company or organization and of a substantial nature; state tax income.

Not likely to change or fail; firmly established; mentally or emotionally sound.

A manner of doing something; a distinctive appearance, typically determined by principles of design or art.

A person or thing acting or serving in place of another; (verb) to use or add in place of something else.

To strengthen or support physically or mentally; to undergo or suffer something unpleasant; to maintain continuously.

A thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract; a sign.

A person, object, or place selected as the aim of attack or attention; an objective or result towards which efforts are directed.

The carrying of people, goods, or materials from one place to another; the action of passing through or across a place.

A particular form of something differing in certain respects from earlier forms or from other forms of the same type.

The health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group; financial support provided by the state to people in need.

In contrast or comparison with the fact that; taking into consideration the fact that.

The action or process of altering or being altered; a change or modification.

Knowledge or perception of a situation or fact; concern about and well-informed interest in a particular situation.

Existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence; dealing with general concepts rather than real objects.

Correct in all details; exact and free from error.

To accept or admit the existence or truth of something; to recognize the importance or quality of.

A whole formed by combining several separate elements; total amount.

To allocate a job or duty to someone; to designate something for a particular purpose.

To fasten, join, or connect something to something else; to attribute importance or value to.

A writer of a book, article, or document; the creator or originator of any written work or plan.

A relationship between people or groups based on shared feelings or experiences; an agreement with legal force; a chemical connection.

Of short duration; using few words; concise.

Having the ability, fitness, or quality necessary to do or achieve a specified thing; competent.

To quote a passage, book, or author as evidence for or justification of an argument; to mention as an example.

To act jointly; to work toward the same end or purpose; to comply with a request or regulation.

To make an unjust or prejudicial distinction in the treatment of different categories of people; to recognize a distinction.